OCC Releases Volcker Compliance Examination Procedures for Banks | Practical Law

OCC Releases Volcker Compliance Examination Procedures for Banks | Practical Law

The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued interim examination procedures (IEP) that are designed to help examiners assess banks' progress in implementing Volcker Rule compliance plans. The IEP includes provisions covering examination of Volcker compliance of bank securitization activity.

OCC Releases Volcker Compliance Examination Procedures for Banks

Practical Law Legal Update 1-571-4385 (Approx. 5 pages)

OCC Releases Volcker Compliance Examination Procedures for Banks

by Practical Law Finance
Published on 19 Jun 2014USA (National/Federal)
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued interim examination procedures (IEP) that are designed to help examiners assess banks' progress in implementing Volcker Rule compliance plans. The IEP includes provisions covering examination of Volcker compliance of bank securitization activity.
On June 12, 2014, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issued interim examination procedures (IEP) that are designed to help examiners assess bank progress in implementing compliance plans for regulations issued under Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act (the Volcker Rule). The purpose of the IEP is to help examiners assess whether banks are engaging in activities that would be subject to the Volcker regulations and whether banks have developed and are implementing plans to comply with these regulations.
Specifically, the IEP are intended to assess a bank's progress towards:
  • Identifying which of its activities may be subject to the Volcker Rule.
  • Establishing Volcker compliance programs.
  • Establishing a plan for avoiding material conflicts of interest and material exposures to high-risk assets and high-risk trading strategies, as required under the Volcker Rule.
  • Reporting of certain metrics to federal bank regulators as and when required.
  • Using these metrics to monitor for impermissible proprietary trading under the Volcker Rule.
  • Identifying its market-making-related activities, inventory and reasonably expected near term demand.
  • Establishing compliance programs for the following permitted activities under the Volcker Rule:
    • market-making;
    • underwriting; and
    • risk-mitigating hedging activities.
  • Finalizing plans for conforming asset management and sponsorship activities to the Volcker Rule.
  • Finalizing plans for covered funds (funds that would result in prohibited ownership interests under the Volcker Rule) that engage in:
    • asset management;
    • securitization;
    • underwriting; and
    • market-making activities;
  • Ensuring that de minimis ownership limits permitted under the Volcker Rule (3% of tier 1 capital) are not violated for covered funds that engage in:
    • asset management;
    • securitization;
    • underwriting;
    • market-making; and
    • hedging.
  • Divesting non-conforming covered funds.
Under the Volcker Rule, national banking institutions must comply with one of three compliance programs, based on the value of the bank's consolidated worldwide assets:
  • An enhanced compliance program for banks with $50 billion or more in consolidated assets, which requires the bank to establish, maintain, and enforce enhanced compliance programs specific to the banking institution, and which must include independent testing by qualified personnel.
  • A standard compliance program for banks with between $10 billion and $50 billion in consolidated assets, which requires the bank to develop and administer standard compliance programs that document and limit permitted trading activities, prevent prohibited activities, delineate accountability for compliance and provide for independent testing effectiveness.
  • A simplified compliance program for banks with $10 billion or less in consolidated assets, which requires the bank to supplement its existing compliance policies and procedures with appropriate references to the regulations and with appropriate adjustments given the bank's size, complexity and activities.

Covered Funds and Examination of Bank Securitization Volcker Compliance

The IEP notes that the bank must determine whether asset-backed securities (ABS) are ownership interests in covered funds. The IEP directs the OCC examination to assess the bank's progress toward identifying its ownership interests in covered funds and instructs that:
  • The bank must include ownership interests held:
  • The bank need not include ownership interests held:
    • as agent, broker or custodian;
    • through a deferred compensation or similar plan of the entity;
    • in the ordinary course of collecting a debt previously contracted in good faith; or
    • on behalf of customers as a trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity.
The IEP instructs assessment of the bank's progress toward identifying holdings of ABS by:
  • Obtaining and evaluating the bank's analysis regarding whether its ABS holdings qualify as ownership interests in covered funds.
  • Obtaining and evaluating the bank’s analysis regarding whether the securitization's special purpose vehicle (SPV) is a covered fund. Securitization SPVs are, in general, covered funds.
The most common ways in which SPV ABS issuers may avoid being covered funds are by:
  • Relying on Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (static securitization pools).
  • Relying on section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (real estate securitizations).
  • Qualifying as loan securitizations under the Volcker Rule. This requires that no other assets other than loans be included in the securitized asset pool, in addition to related servicing assets, related interest rate or foreign exchange (FX) hedges, and special units of beneficial interest or collateral certificates. Securitizations that contain assets other than loans and certain other permitted assets (e.g., collateralized debt obligations (CDO), municipal tender option bonds, collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) with non-loan assets, and auction rate securities) do not qualify for the exclusion.
  • Qualifying asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) conduits.
In connection with this, the examiner is directed to:
Banks must become compliant with the Volcker Rule regulations by July 21, 2015. However, federal banking regulators have delayed until July 21, 2017 ownership limitations for certain collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) that the bank has held since December 31, 2013 (legacy CLOs). In an effort to make legacy CLOs Volcker Rule compliant by the 2017 compliance date, national banks have begun to restructure their legacy CLOs to become Volcker compliant.
For more information on the Volcker Rule, see Practice Note, Summary of the Dodd-Frank Act: The Volcker Rule.