Final Rules Amending CPO, CTA Registration and Compliance Obligations Issued by CFTC | Practical Law

Final Rules Amending CPO, CTA Registration and Compliance Obligations Issued by CFTC | Practical Law

The CFTC issued final rules amending registration and compliance obligations for commodity pool operators (CPOs) and commodity trading advisors (CTAs). It also issued a related proposed rule on reducing CPO compliance burdens.

Final Rules Amending CPO, CTA Registration and Compliance Obligations Issued by CFTC

Practical Law Legal Update 4-518-0107 (Approx. 6 pages)

Final Rules Amending CPO, CTA Registration and Compliance Obligations Issued by CFTC

by PLC Finance
Published on 16 Feb 2012USA (National/Federal)
The CFTC issued final rules amending registration and compliance obligations for commodity pool operators (CPOs) and commodity trading advisors (CTAs). It also issued a related proposed rule on reducing CPO compliance burdens.
On February 9, 2012, the CFTC issued final rules under the Dodd-Frank Act rescinding certain registration and compliance exemptions for commodity pool operators (CPOs) and commodity trading advisors (CTAs). The rules also:
  • Adopt new data collection rules for CPOs and CTAs that are consistent with the data collection requirements under Dodd-Frank for entities registered with both the CFTC and the SEC.
  • Include new risk disclosure requirements for CPO and CTA swap transactions.
The purpose of the rules is to increase transparency in CPOs and CTAs that participate in the futures and swaps markets and enhance protections for their customers.
A CPO is an individual or organization that operates and solicits funds for a commodity pool. A commodity pool is composed of funds contributed by a number of entities and/or individuals, which are combined for the purpose of:
  • Trading futures contracts, options on futures or retail off-exchange forex contracts.
  • Investing in another commodity pool.
All registered CPOs must be members of the National Futures Association (NFA) in order to conduct futures business with the public.
A CTA is an individual or organization that advises others on the buying or selling of futures contracts, options on futures or retail off-exchange forex contracts. All registered CTAs that manage or exercise discretion over customer accounts must be members of the NFA in order to conduct futures business with the public.
Both CPOs and CTAs must register with the CFTC through the NFA.
The final rules amend the following sections of Part 4 of the CFTC's regulations:
  • Section 4.13(a)(4). The "sophisticated investor" exemption from CPO registration provided in Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) Section 4.13(a)(4) is rescinded. Existing CPOs that currently rely on Rule 4.13(a)(4) for exemption from CPO registration which invest on behalf of certain private funds must register with the CFTC as CPOs and become members of the NFA or rely on a different exemption from registration, by December 31, 2012. For CPOs that do not currently rely on the Rule 4.13(a)(4) registration exemption, the rescission of Rule 4.13(a)(4) will be effective 60 days after the final rules are published in the Federal Register.
  • Section 4.5. Investment companies registered with the SEC can no longer rely on an exclusion from registration as CPOs under Section 4.5. However, exclusions from registration are still available to registered investment companies whose:
    • aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish positions in futures, option contracts and swaps will not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the entity's portfolio; and
    • aggregate net notional value of futures, option contracts and swaps does not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of its portfolio.
    Trading in futures and swaps for bona fide hedging purposes will be exempt from these calculations.
    The investment advisor of a CPO, not its board of directors, is required to register as the CPO under the rules. Registration for CPOs that had relied on the Section 4.5 exemption and for which there is no other available exemption from registration is required by the later of:
    • December 31, 2012; and
    • 60 days after the effective date of the final rulemaking further defining the term "swap" under Dodd-Frank (and for CEA purposes).
    Entities required to register as CPOs due to these amendments to Section 4.5 will be subject to CFTC recordkeeping, reporting and disclosure requirements for CPOs under Part 4 of the CFTC's regulations as of 60 days following the effectiveness of a final rule implementing the CFTC's proposed harmonization effort for investment companies already registered with the SEC (see Proposed Compliance Harmonization Rules for CPO Investment Companies).
  • Sections 4.5, 4.13 and 4.14. All entities and individuals claiming exemptive or exclusionary relief from registration as a CPO under CEA Sections 4.5, 4.13 and 4.14 must:
    • confirm their notice of claim of exemption or exclusion from registration as a CPO with the NFA on an annual basis at calendar year end. The annual reaffirmation filing requirement takes effect 60 days after publication of the final rules in the Federal Register;
    • withdraw the exclusion or exemption and apply for CPO registration within 30 days of the anniversary of its initial filing under one of these sections; or
    • cease operating as a CPO and withdraw the exclusion or exemption due to a cessation in the underlying activities.
  • Section 4.7. To promote consistency between Rule 4.7 and the SEC's definition of accredited investor under Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933, the CFTC is modifying CEA Section 4.7 to incorporate the SEC's accredited investor standard by reference, rather than by direct inclusion of its terms, as is currently the case. This will permit the CFTC's definition of "qualified eligible person" to continue to include the specific terms of the SEC's accredited investor standard in the event that it is later modified by the SEC, without requiring the CFTC to further amend Section 4.7.
    The exemption in Rule 4.7 remains available but is an exemption from certain CPO and CTA disclosure and compliance obligations required by the CFTC, not an exemption from CPO and CTA registration or from annual CPO and CTA reporting obligations. Revised Section 4.7 also no longer allows CPOs or CTAs to claim exemption from the requirement that an exempt CPO's or CTA's annual report contain certified financial statements.
The final rules also require CPOs and CTAs to file reports under new CEA Section 4.27, added by the final rules, to provide additional information regarding their activities so that the CFTC can effectively monitor the risks posed by these participants to the commodity futures and derivatives markets. These reports, filed on Forms CPO-PQR and CTA-PR, respectively, must include a description, for each pool under that CPO's or CTA's management, of, among other things:
  • Assets under management.
  • The use of leverage.
  • Counterparty credit risk exposure.
  • Trading and investment positions.
These new Section 4.27 reporting requirements take effect on July 2, 2012. The compliance dates for reporting under Section 4.27 are as follows for:
  • CPOs with at least $5 billion in assets under management: 60 days after the end of the CPO's first calendar quarter that ends after July 2, 2012.
  • All other large CPOs, defined as having assets of at least $1.5 billion: 60 days after the end of the CPO's first calendar quarter that ends after December 14, 2012.
  • All other CPOs and CTAs: 90 days after calendar year end 2012.
The new CFTC reporting requirements on Form CPO-PQR are a supplement to Form PF for advisors that are dually registered with the SEC and file Section 1 and 2 on Form PF. These dual registrants will only be required to submit Schedule A of Form CPO-PQR. CPOs registered only with the CFTC will be required to file all relevant sections of Form CPO-PQR. All CTAs, regardless of whether they are registered with the SEC, will also be required to file Form CTA-PR.
The CFTC has also amended its standardized risk disclosure statements for CPOs and CTAs to require disclosure of certain risks associated with the use of swaps. These new disclosure statements are required for all new CPO and CTA disclosure filings with the NFA and all updates filed after the final rules go into effect.
The final rules take effect 60 days after publication in the Federal Register, with the exception of amendments to Section 4.27, which take effect on July 2, 2012.
For more information on the final rules, see the CFTC's fact sheet and Q&A.

Proposed Compliance Harmonization Rules for CPO Investment Companies

On February 9, 2012, the CFTC also issued related proposed rules on reducing compliance burdens on SEC-registered investment companies that will also be required to register as CPOs under the changes to Section 4.5 of the CEA, discussed above.
The proposed rules seek to harmonize CFTC and SEC requirements to minimize the compliance burdens on registrants who are registered with the SEC and that will also be required to register as CPOs under CEA Section 4.5. The CFTC is accepting public comments on the proposed rules until 60 days after publication in the Federal Register.
For more information on the proposed rules, see the CFTC's fact sheet and Q&A.
For more information on swap regulation under Dodd-Frank, see Practice Note, Summary of the Dodd-Frank Act: Swaps and Derivatives.