This Standard Clause provides model language that can be used to characterize the McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting standard in a brief supporting a motion for summary judgment. The standard is the framework which courts use to assess a claim of discriminatory treatment when there is circumstantial evidence of discrimination, also known as the indirect method of proof. This Standard Clause addresses claims under federal law, but its basic framework may be used in response to claims under state or local law if recognized in the particular jurisdiction. This Standard Clause includes integrated notes with important explanations and drafting tips.