This Practice Note addresses punitive and liquidated damages in employment discrimination cases, including the statutory authority for punitive damages, damages caps under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII), the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA), when punitive damages are appropriate, employers' challenges to punitive damages, discovery issues, motion practice, and more. This Note addresses federal law and applies to private employers. For information about damages available under state anti-discrimination laws, see Anti-Discrimination Laws: State Q&A Tool and State Anti-Discrimination Toolkit